International Journal of Information Technology and Education

Analysis of the Mapalus-Based Educational Management Model in Package C Equivalency Education in Minahasa Regency

2026-03-31T08:28:48+07:00

Package C equivalency education represents a strategic non-formal education pathway aimed at expanding access to secondary education for individuals who are unable to participate in formal schooling. However, its implementation in Minahasa Regency faces several challenges, including low participation rates, inadequate facilities, limited tutor competence, and suboptimal program management. This study aims to analyze the planning, implementation, and evaluation processes of Package C education, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and develop a contextual management model based on local cultural values, namely the Mapalus Model. This research employed a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis involving stakeholders such as education officials, PKBM/SKB managers, tutors, learners, and community leaders. Data analysis followed the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the management of Package C education has not been systematically implemented across all stages. Planning is not fully needs-based, implementation remains conventional, and evaluation is not optimally utilized. Supporting factors include stakeholder involvement and government support, while inhibiting factors include limited infrastructure, low community awareness, and a lack of tutor training. The study proposes a Mapalus-based management model emphasizing collaboration, participation, and collective responsibility. This model integrates participatory planning, collaborative organization, andragogical learning, continuous evaluation, and stakeholder synergy. The model is expected to improve the quality, relevance, and sustainability of equivalency education.

Analysis of Strategic Planning for Enhancing the Capacity of Health Human Resources at Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Minahasa Regency

2026-03-31T08:29:55+07:00

The development of health human resources (HHR) is a critical determinant in improving the quality and effectiveness of primary healthcare services, particularly in community health centers (Puskesmas). In the context of decentralization and regional autonomy, local governments are required to manage health workforce planning strategically to ensure adequate availability, equitable distribution, and appropriate competencies of healthcare personnel. However, many regions in Indonesia continue to face persistent challenges, including workforce shortages, uneven distribution across geographical areas, and limited capacity development programs. This study aims to analyze the strategic planning process for enhancing the capacity of health human resources at community health centers in Minahasa Regency. Specifically, the study examines four key stages of planning: preparation, situational analysis, problem formulation, and the development of activity plans (Rencana Usulan Kegiatan/RUK). A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed to explore the complexity of planning processes within real organizational settings. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis involving key stakeholders, including health office officials, Puskesmas managers, healthcare workers, and planning personnel. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that although strategic planning processes have been formally implemented in accordance with national guidelines, their execution remains suboptimal. Key issues identified include insufficient availability of health personnel, lack of accurate and updated workforce data, weak integration between planning and budgeting, limited capacity of planning staff, and inconsistencies between Puskesmas-level planning and district-level policies. Furthermore, the study highlights that educational management plays a crucial role in strengthening health workforce planning through continuous professional development, competency-based training, and systematic evaluation. The integration of management functions, planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling (POAC), is essential to ensure sustainable human resource development in primary healthcare settings. This study concludes that strengthening strategic planning for health human resources requires a comprehensive approach that integrates workload-based planning methods, capacity building for planners, improved data systems, and stronger policy support. It recommends the adoption of competency-based planning frameworks, enhanced intersectoral collaboration, and the institutionalization of continuous education programs to improve the quality of health services at Puskesmas.

The Relationship Between Classroom Management and Learning Motivation with Student Learning Outcomes in Junior High Schools

2026-04-05T11:08:06+07:00

This study aims to analyze the relationship between classroom management and learning motivation, both partially and simultaneously, on student learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Modoinding, South Minahasa Regency. The research method used is a quantitative correlational approach. The population in this study was all 91 ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Modoinding. Considering the limited population, this study used the Total Sampling technique, where all members of the population were used as research respondents. Data collection instruments were in the form of questionnaires for the variables of Class Management (X1) and Learning Motivation (X2), as well as report card documentation for the Learning Outcome variable (Y). The data were analyzed using correlation and multiple linear regression techniques. The results of the study showed that: (1) there is a positive and significant relationship between Class Management and Learning Outcomes; (1) there is a positive and significant relationship between Learning Motivation and Learning Outcomes; and (3) simultaneously, Class Management and Learning Motivation are significantly related to student Learning Outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Modoinding. These findings indicate that optimizing student learning outcomes is highly dependent on teachers' ability to create a conducive classroom climate and their ability to spark students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of developing teacher managerial competencies in rural schools to ensure that the quality of learning outcomes is comparable to those in urban areas.

The Influence of Principal Managerial Competence and Teacher Welfare on Teacher Work Motivation in Elementary Schools of Belang District

2026-03-28T17:28:08+07:00

Teacher work motivation is a critical determinant of instructional quality in elementary schools, yet it remains susceptible to organizational and socioeconomic pressures, particularly in rural educational settings in Indonesia. Preliminary observations in the Belang District revealed persistent motivational challenges, including suboptimal punctuality, limited pedagogical innovation, and teachers’ economic necessity to seek supplementary employment. This study aims to examine the influence of principal managerial competence and teacher welfare, both independently and simultaneously, on teacher work motivation in the elementary schools of Belang District. A quantitative ex-post facto survey design was employed, involving 106 active teachers as the main sample and 27 try-out respondents selected via Proportional Random Sampling from a population of 106 teachers across 12 elementary schools; data were collected using a validated Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through multiple linear regression with classical assumption testing. Principal managerial competence significantly and positively predicted teacher work motivation (t = 4.683; p = 0.000), and teacher welfare likewise demonstrated a significant positive partial effect (t = 3.892; p = 0.001). Simultaneously, both variables jointly explained a substantial proportion of variance in teacher work motivation (F = 33.599; p = 0.000; R2 = 0.985), yielding the regression equation Y = 52.792 + 0.085X1 + 0.025X2. Managerial competence exhibited a relatively stronger predictive coefficient, indicating a dominant role in driving motivational outcomes compared to welfare. These findings confirm that effective principal managerial leadership and adequate teacher welfare are complementary and statistically robust predictors of teacher work motivation in rural Indonesian elementary schools. The practical implication is that district education authorities should prioritize concurrent investment in principals’ managerial capacity development and structural welfare equity for teachers, particularly those with honorary employment status, as integrated policy interventions.

The Influence of Principal Leadership Style and Professional Competence on Teachers' Teaching Skills in Tomohon City

2026-04-09T06:50:24+07:00

Teacher quality is a cornerstone of educational excellence, and teaching skill, the practical ability to plan, implement, manage, and evaluate learning effectively, remains a critical yet underexplored outcome variable in Indonesian school management research. Empirical evidence consistently highlights that both school leadership and teacher professional competence are key determinants of instructional quality, yet their combined influence on teaching skills has received limited quantitative investigation, particularly in the North Sulawesi regional context. This study aimed to examine the influence of principal leadership style and professional competence, both individually and simultaneously, on teachers' teaching skills in senior high schools in Tomohon City. This research used A quantitative research design, with simple and multiple regression analysis was employed. A proportionate stratified random sample of 106 teachers was drawn from a population of 145 teachers across five senior high schools in Tomohon City. Data were collected using validated Likert-scale questionnaires (Cronbach's α: 0.942, 0.812, and 0.885 for teaching skill, leadership style, and professional competence, respectively) and analyzed using SPSS version 25. The results of this research are that principal leadership style significantly influenced teaching skills (r = 0.597; R² = 0.356; F = 57.458; p < 0.001), explaining 35.6% of the variance. Professional competence demonstrated a stronger individual effect (r = 0.660; R² = 0.435; F = 80.054; p < 0.001), accounting for 43.5% of the variance. When both predictors were included simultaneously in a multiple regression model, they jointly explained 50.8% of the variance in teaching skills (R = 0.713; R² = 0.508; F = 53.211; p < 0.001), with the regression equation Ŷ = 6.468 + 0.293(X₁) + 0.536(X₂). This study concluded that both principal leadership style and teacher professional competence are significant and positive predictors of teaching skills, with the combined model providing the strongest explanatory power. This study implies that school policymakers and principals should adopt a synergistic approach that simultaneously strengthens adaptive leadership practices and invests in continuous professional competence development programs to optimally enhance classroom teaching quality.

The Role Of Motivation In Mediating Workload And Discipline On Teacher Performance In Elementary Schools In Tompaso District, Minahasa Regency

2026-04-16T08:05:16+07:00

This study aims to determine the role of motivation in mediating workload and discipline on teacher performance in elementary schools in Tompaso District, Minahasa Regency. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method. The sample in this study was 156 respondents. The data collection technique was a questionnaire structured in several statements and measured using a likert scale. Data were processed using SMART PLS 4.0.9.6. The results of this study indicate: (1) a significant effect of workload on teacher performance, (2) a significant effect of discipline on teacher performance, (3) a significant effect of motivation on teacher performance, (4) a significant effect of workload on motivation, (5) a significant effect of discipline on motivation, (6) a significant effect of workload on teacher performance through motivation, and (7) a significant effect of discipline on teacher performance through motivation.

The Effect of Self-Management and Digital Readiness on Teacher Professionalism: Evidence from Junior High Schools in Manado, Indonesia

2026-04-19T08:25:16+07:00

In the era of digital transformation, teacher professionalism has become a critical determinant of educational quality, yet its relationship with self-regulatory capacity and digital preparedness remains underexplored in developing-country contexts. Empirical evidence from Indonesian schools indicates that teachers' levels of self-management and digital readiness remain varied and suboptimal, potentially undermining effective teaching performance in technology-integrated learning environments. This study aimed to examine the partial and simultaneous effects of self-management and digital readiness on teacher professionalism among junior high school teachers in Paal Dua District, Manado City, Indonesia. A quantitative explanatory research design was employed. Data were collected via a validated Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 85 respondents, selected using the Slovin formula (e = 0.05) from a population of 108 teachers across eight schools. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics. Self-management had a positive and significant effect on teacher professionalism (β = 0.434, t = 4.911, p < 0.001), while digital readiness also exerted a positive and significant influence (β = 0.413, t = 4.681, p < 0.001). Self-management emerged as the more dominant predictor. Simultaneously, both variables significantly predicted teacher professionalism (F = 23.115, p < 0.001), explaining 36.1% of its variance (R² = 0.361). The integration of self-management capabilities and digital readiness constitutes a key determinant of teacher professionalism in digitally transforming educational settings. These findings provide an empirical basis for school administrators and education policymakers to design targeted teacher professional development programs that simultaneously strengthen self-management competencies and digital readiness.

The Influence of Principal's Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture on Junior High School Teacher Performance in Paal Dua District, Manado City

2026-04-19T08:22:48+07:00

Teacher performance is a critical determinant of educational quality and plays a central role in achieving national educational goals, yet it remains suboptimal in many school settings due to weak leadership and organizational dynamics. This study aims to empirically analyze the influence of the principal's transformational leadership and organizational culture—both partially and simultaneously—on junior high school teacher performance in Paal Dua District, Manado City. A quantitative approach with an associative ex-post facto method was employed, with data collected from 85 teachers selected via proportionate stratified random sampling from a population of 108 using the Slovin formula; data were gathered through Likert-scale questionnaires tested for validity and reliability. The multiple linear regression analysis yielded the equation Y = −0.317 + 0.495X1 + 0.432X2. Transformational leadership had a significant positive partial effect on teacher performance (t = 8.794, Sig. = 0.001 < 0.05), as did organizational culture (t = 6.853, Sig. < 0.001). Simultaneously, both variables produced a significant combined effect (F = 61.679, Sig. = 0.001 < 0.05), with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.601, indicating that 60.1% of variation in teacher performance is explained by the two predictors. It is concluded that the synergy between an inspiring principal and a conducive organizational culture is the primary determinant in optimizing teacher professionalism. These findings imply that educational policymakers should integrate transformational leadership development with organizational culture strengthening as a unified strategy for improving teacher performance in Indonesian junior high schools.

The Effect of Numeracy Literacy-Based Learning Management and Digital Media Utilization on Students' Perceived Mathematics Learning Outcomes in Public Junior High Schools

2026-04-19T08:24:18+07:00

Mathematics education in Indonesia continues to face challenges, as evidenced by low national rankings in PISA 2022 and ANBK assessments, reflecting persistent gaps in numeracy competency and contextual problem-solving skills among students. This study aimed to examine the effect of numeracy literacy-based learning management and digital media utilization, both partially and simultaneously, on students' perceived mathematics learning outcomes. A quantitative explanatory approach with a correlational design was employed. Data were collected from 163 eighth-grade students selected through proportional random sampling from a population of 275 students across two public junior high schools in Paal Dua District, Manado City, using validated Likert-scale questionnaires analyzed through multiple linear regression. Numeracy literacy-based learning management exerted a positive and significant effect on perceived learning outcomes (β = 0.548, t = 9.512, p < 0.001), and digital media utilization also had a positive and significant effect (β = 0.333, t = 5.769, p < 0.001). Simultaneously, both independent variables significantly explained 57.2% of the variance in students' perceived mathematics learning outcomes (F = 106.820, p < 0.001). Numeracy literacy-based learning management was identified as the more dominant predictor. Integrating numeracy literacy-oriented learning management with effective digital media utilization constitutes a relevant and essential strategy for improving the quality of mathematics learning in 21st-century education. Educational practitioners and policymakers should prioritize teacher professional development that emphasizes both numeracy literacy integration and purposeful digital media use to enhance student mathematics achievement.

The Influence of Science Laboratory Management and Educational Facilities on Students' Learning Interest at Public Junior High Schools in Paal 2 District, Manado City

2026-04-19T08:23:34+07:00

Science laboratory management and the availability of educational facilities are critical factors in supporting effective science learning; however, suboptimal laboratory utilization and limited instructional resources remain persistent challenges in many Indonesian schools, particularly at the junior secondary level. This study aims to analyze the influence of science laboratory management and educational facilities on students' learning interest at public junior high schools in Paal 2 District, Manado City. A quantitative ex post facto approach was employed, with data collected through validated structured questionnaires from 163 students selected using proportional random sampling from a population of 275 Grade VIII students. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with partial (t-test) and simultaneous (F-test) hypothesis testing. The results demonstrated that: (1) science laboratory management had a positive and significant influence on students' learning interest (β = 0.452, t = 10.986, p < 0.001); (2) educational facilities had a positive and significant influence on students' learning interest (β = 0.356, t = 5.071, p < 0.001); and (3) both variables simultaneously exerted a significant effect on learning interest (F = 78.235, p < 0.001), collectively explaining 49.4% of the variance (R² = 0.494). Laboratory management emerged as the stronger predictor (standardized β = 0.620) compared to educational facilities (standardized β = 0.286). These findings indicate that well-managed laboratories combined with adequate educational facilities are essential to fostering higher levels of student interest in science learning, implying that school administrators and policymakers should prioritize systematic laboratory management alongside facility improvement to enhance the quality of science education.

The Influence of Principals’ E-Leadership and Digital Competence on Teacher Performance at SMKS Kristen 1 Tomohon, Indonesia

2026-04-19T08:22:00+07:00

Digital transformation has altered the expectations placed on school leadership, instructional practice, and professional performance in vocational education. In this context, schools are increasingly required to integrate information and communication technology into management, communication, supervision, and classroom learning. This article develops a journal version of Jevie Jane Maliangkay’s master’s thesis on the influence of principals’ e-leadership and digital competence on teacher performance at SMKS Kristen 1 Tomohon, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The purpose of the study was to examine: (1) the effect of principals’ e-leadership on teacher performance, (2) the effect of digital competence on teacher performance, and (3) the simultaneous effect of both variables on teacher performance. A quantitative explanatory design with a causal associative approach was employed. The study was conducted at SMKS Kristen 1 Tomohon from December 2025 to February 2026. Based on the detailed methodology and results sections of the thesis, the respondents comprised 30 teachers and the study used total sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using simple and multiple linear regression supported by SPSS. The data met the main analytical assumptions, including normality, linearity, and absence of multicollinearity. The results show that principals’ e-leadership had a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, with an effective contribution of about 14.3%. Digital competence also had a positive and significant effect and emerged as the dominant predictor. Simultaneously, the two independent variables significantly influenced teacher performance, with a coefficient of determination of about 59.6%, indicating that more than half of the variance in teacher performance could be explained by the model. The findings affirm that school digital leadership and digital competence are not merely technical matters; they are strategic determinants of instructional quality, work effectiveness, and professional accountability. The article argues that strengthening digital leadership, building teacher capacity, and embedding technology into organizational culture are central to improving performance in vocational secondary schools.

Managing Education and Training for Electronic Medical Records to Improve Medical Service Quality at Gunung Maria General Hospital, Tomohon

2026-04-19T08:20:05+07:00

The digitalization of health services has shifted hospital management toward integrated information systems, more accurate data governance, and stronger human resource capability. One of the most consequential changes in this transition is the adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMR), which replaces fragmented paper-based documentation with digital records that can support continuity of care, patient safety, and managerial efficiency. Yet the success of EMR implementation depends not only on software and infrastructure but also on how hospitals manage education and training for the personnel who use the system. This article develops a journal-style synthesis of a qualitative dissertation on the management of EMR training at Gunung Maria General Hospital, Tomohon, Indonesia. The study focused on four managerial dimensions: planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation of training. Using a qualitative descriptive design, data were gathered through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis involving hospital management, medical personnel, and administrative staff. The findings show that EMR utilization has been constrained by high rates of input error, uneven user competence, inadequate needs analysis, limited continuity in post-training support, and weak supervision and evaluation mechanisms. Although EMR training has been implemented, it has not yet been managed as a systematic competency-based program grounded in continuous improvement. The study further shows that effective EMR utilization requires alignment between training design, organizational support, workflow integration, supervision, and evaluation. Based on these findings, the article proposes an integrated education and training management model that emphasizes competency mapping, adaptive instructional strategies, structured mentoring, ongoing supervision, and periodic evaluation linked to service quality outcomes. The model is expected to reduce human error, improve the accuracy of medical data, strengthen user confidence, and enhance the quality of care. This article contributes to educational management and health information systems literature by demonstrating that digital transformation in hospitals must be supported by a human-centered training system rather than by technology adoption alone.

Human Resource Development Strategies of the Social Affairs Office in Handling Abandoned Children in Minahasa Regency

2026-04-19T08:21:07+07:00

Abandoned children represent a persistent social problem with long-term implications for educational attainment, psychosocial wellbeing, and the quality of future human resources. This article reformulates a doctoral dissertation into a journal-style paper and examines how the Social Affairs Office of Minahasa Regency designs, implements, and evaluates human resource development strategies for abandoned children from an educational management perspective. The study employed a qualitative descriptive design. Data were generated through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis, then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the strategy has been organized through planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling (POAC), supported by legal mandates and cross-sector coordination with police, women and child protection agencies, local communities, and child welfare institutions. In practice, however, the strategy shows uneven effectiveness. It is relatively strong in basic-needs fulfillment, emergency response, administrative verification, and short-course skills training, but remains weaker in formal education reintegration, sustained psychosocial recovery, family reunification quality, and long-term social integration. Key enabling factors include regulatory support, institutional collaboration, and the existence of non-formal training initiatives, while key barriers include inadequate budget allocation, insufficient qualified social workers, limited facilities, weak outcome-based evaluation, low public participation, and low motivation among many children to re-enter school. The article argues that abandoned children's development should not be treated merely as a welfare intervention but as a long-horizon educational management process. Based on the findings, a strengthened educational management strategy is proposed, integrating measurable educational indicators, competency development for social workers, stronger community participation, digitalized case management, and continuous CIPP-based evaluation. Such a strategy is necessary to transform short-term rescue efforts into sustainable human resource development outcomes.

Facilities and Infrastructure Governance in Supporting Service Performance at the Department of Manpower, Cooperatives, and SMEs of North Minahasa Regency

2026-04-25T06:39:25+07:00

This article develops a journal-style synthesis of Demsi Yohan Lempas's thesis on facilities and infrastructure governance in supporting service performance at the Department of Manpower, Cooperatives, and SMEs of North Minahasa Regency. The study addresses a practical problem in local public administration: regional apparatus organizations are required to deliver faster, more accountable, and increasingly digital services, yet many of the physical and technological assets that support those services remain insufficient, damaged, or administratively managed rather than strategically optimized. Using a qualitative descriptive design, the original thesis collected data through interviews, observation, and documentation involving officials of the department and related asset management actors. This article reorganizes the thesis into an academic journal format modeled after the Sammy IJITE article, while preserving the empirical core of the thesis. The findings show that Regional Government Asset (Barang Milik Daerah/BMD) management has been implemented through planning, procurement, utilization, maintenance, and administration, but it has not yet reached an optimal level. Planning is still not fully based on real service needs, procurement is constrained by budget limitations, utilization is affected by damaged and idle assets, maintenance remains reactive, and administration is weakened by data inconsistency and limited digital integration. The most important inhibiting factors are limited human resources, insufficient budget, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and weak integrated management systems. The article argues that facilities and infrastructure should not be treated as passive office equipment, but as strategic service capacity. Strengthening requires needs-based planning, priority-based budgeting, preventive maintenance, digital inventory, improved human resource capacity, and service-oriented monitoring. The study contributes to public administration literature by showing how asset governance directly shapes local service performance in the fields of employment, cooperatives, and SME development.

Implementation of Budgetary Policy for Stunting Management in Wangurer Village, South Likupang District, Indonesia

2026-04-25T06:38:25+07:00

This article develops a journal-style reconstruction of Fransye David Talumantak’s thesis on the implementation of budgetary policy for stunting management in Wangurer Village, South Likupang District, North Minahasa Regency, Indonesia. The study focuses on the procurement and distribution of supplementary feeding (PMT) financed through village funds and analyzes the determinant factors shaping implementation quality. Using a qualitative descriptive design, the original thesis gathered data through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis involving the village head, village secretary and finance officer, the chair of the village women’s movement, posyandu cadres, health workers from the local health center, community figures, and families with children at risk of stunting. The article reorganizes the thesis into a journal manuscript modeled on the structure of the Sammy article supplied by the user while preserving the empirical substance of the original research. The findings show that the policy has been implemented procedurally through budget allocation, budget utilization, food procurement, monthly distribution, and field assistance. Stunting has been recognized as a priority in the village budget and discussed through participatory village deliberation. Nevertheless, implementation remains only partially effective. Budget decisions are still dominated by administrative logic rather than detailed nutritional evidence; the quality of supplementary food is shaped not only by technical health considerations but also by local bargaining in village meetings; distribution is highly dependent on budget disbursement; beneficiary validation and household-level monitoring remain weak; and supervision is still largely administrative rather than performance-based. Four determinant factors stand out: budget governance, technical nutritional capacity, distribution and targeting mechanisms, and collaboration plus supervision across actors. The article argues that village-level stunting policy cannot be judged only by budget absorption or formal compliance. Its effectiveness depends on whether financial planning, nutrition expertise, targeting accuracy, cross-sector coordination, and community oversight are integrated into one implementation system. Strengthening should therefore focus on evidence-based budgeting, continuous cadre training, flexible and data-based distribution, structured monitoring of food consumption, and participatory accountability mechanisms. The study contributes to public administration literature by showing that village fund policy for stunting reduction is not merely a fiscal question, but a governance issue involving implementation capacity, local politics, intersectoral coordination, and community trust.

Implementing Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility Policy in North Minahasa Regency, Indonesia

2026-04-25T06:37:43+07:00

The study examines how the policy is implemented through planning, program execution, coordination, reporting, monitoring, and evaluation, and identifies the determining factors affecting its effectiveness. The original thesis used a descriptive qualitative design and gathered data through interviews, observation, and documentation involving the TJSLP Forum, local government agencies, corporate representatives, and community beneficiaries. This article reorganizes those findings into a full journal manuscript modeled on the structure of a contemporary policy journal article and strengthens the analysis through thesis-based tables and field documentation photographs. The findings show that TJSLP implementation in North Minahasa has moved beyond symbolic regulation but remains suboptimal. In the planning dimension, most programs are still dominated by internal corporate design and are not fully integrated with RPJMD and RKPD priorities. In the implementation dimension, TJSLP activities remain largely charity-oriented and short-term, with limited emphasis on community empowerment and environmental sustainability. In the coordination dimension, the TJSLP Forum already exists as a formal platform, yet company participation, cross-sector synchronization, and community involvement remain uneven. In the reporting and accountability dimension, company compliance is inconsistent, reporting procedures are not standardized, and evaluation is still focused more on outputs than on outcomes and impacts. The determining factors shaping implementation include corporate commitment and compliance, institutional capacity of the TJSLP Forum, weak integration between TJSLP and regional development planning, and limited supervision and accountability mechanisms. The article argues that strengthening operational rules, performance-based reporting, collaborative planning, and institutional capacity is essential if TJSLP is to evolve from a fragmented charity into a strategic instrument of sustainable regional development. The study contributes to public administration literature by demonstrating that local TJSLP policy effectiveness depends not only on legal mandates but also on governance integration, stakeholder commitment, and the institutionalization of collaborative accountability.

Implementing Regional Early Warning Policy to Sustain Social Stability in North Minahasa Regency, Indonesia

2026-04-25T06:36:41+07:00

The study addresses the need for a more effective early detection and early prevention system in a socially plural district whose stability is strategically important for governance, investment, tourism, and intergroup harmony. Using a qualitative descriptive design, the original thesis collected data through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis involving officials of the Regional National Unity and Politics Agency (Kesbangpol), the Early Warning Community Forum (FKDM), interfaith actors, security institutions, district-level officials, and community leaders. The present article reorganizes the thesis into a full academic journal article and highlights the empirical findings through adapted tables and thesis-based figures. The findings indicate that the early warning policy has been implemented, but its performance remains suboptimal. Institutionally, Kesbangpol has carried out coordination, early detection, conflict mapping, and communication functions. However, implementation is constrained by limited human resources, insufficient budget, weak cross-sector coordination, limited analytical capacity, uneven public participation, and the absence of an integrated digital information system. The role of FKDM as a strategic community partner also remains underdeveloped due to limited training and operational support. At the same time, the policy benefits from several supportive factors, including local government commitment, a relatively strong regulatory foundation, collaboration with TNI and the Police, the influence of community and religious leaders, and local socio-cultural values that emphasize solidarity. The article argues that policy strengthening should move beyond formal compliance toward a collaborative, capacity-building, and digital governance model. It proposes an integrated strengthening strategy that combines institutional clarification, competency development, community-based reporting, and digital early warning infrastructure. The study contributes to the public administration literature by showing that regional early warning policy in plural local settings is not only a matter of legal design but also of implementation capacity, trust, inter-organizational coordination, and the ability to translate preventive governance into routine practice.

Implementation of Population Administrative Service Policy in West Likupang District, North Minahasa Regency

2026-04-25T06:35:55+07:00

The study is important because administrative documents are not merely clerical outputs; they constitute legal instruments through which citizens access inheritance rights, banking services, land administration, insurance claims, and other civil entitlements. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the original thesis gathered data through interviews, observation, and documentation involving subdistrict officials, village-level actors, and community users from mainland and island villages. The article follows the journal format used in the supplied Sammy/F. David model by presenting an abstract, introduction, theoretical framework, method, findings, discussion, conclusion, and references. Findings show that the SKAW service has a formal procedural structure consisting of application registration, population-data and domicile verification, document drafting, authorization, and document delivery. However, implementation remains uneven. The main problems are repeated file returns, incomplete documents, weak preliminary verification at the village level, manual document preparation, dependence on authorized signatories, uneven staff competence, limited public information, weak intergovernmental coordination, inadequate technology, and geographical barriers faced by island communities. Determinant factors include document completeness and data accuracy, human resource capacity, institutional coordination, infrastructure and digital technology, and community access. The article argues that service improvement requires not only administrative compliance but also citizen-oriented service design, integrated village-subdistrict coordination, digital templates and tracking, staff capacity development, and special access mechanisms for island communities.

Implementation of Teaching Materials Using Building Modeling and Information Design Based on the Green Building Concept at State Vocational School 3 Tondano

2026-05-01T06:06:24+07:00

This study aims to develop a model of teaching materials for the Building Information Modeling (BIM) subject integrated with the green building concept, in order to improve students' understanding and awareness of the principles of sustainability in building design. The background of this study is based on the need for teaching materials relevant to the development of the modern construction industry, especially the application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and global demands for sustainable development. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the Borg & Gall development model consisting of ten stages, starting from preliminary studies to product trials. The research subjects consisted of vocational high school students majoring in BIM and learning media. The instruments used included interviews, validation questionnaires, observation sheets, and comprehension tests. The results of the study indicate that the developed teaching material model meets the eligibility criteria in terms of content, presentation, language, and visual appearance based on expert validation results. Limited trials indicate an increase in students' understanding of the BIM concept and green building principles with N-Gain scores in the medium to high category. In addition, student responses to the teaching materials are very positive, indicating that this model is interesting, easy to understand, and relevant to the needs of the workplace. Thus, this teaching material model is suitable for use in DPIB learning and is recommended for implementation as part of strengthening technology- and sustainability-based curricula in vocational education

Implementation of Industrial Work Practice Model to Improve Student Competence at State Vocational School 1 Tombariri

2026-05-02T05:43:19+07:00

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of industrial work practice (prakerin) in terms of: 1) context, which includes the objectives of the prakerin program, cooperation between DU/DI and schools based on the MoU, and the expectation that the implementation of prakerin is in accordance with the implementative curriculum; 2) input, which includes the readiness of participants, schools, and DU/DI in implementing prakerin, the absorption of provision materials from schools and DU/DI, and the realization of the implementation of the implementative curriculum; 3) process, which includes student monitoring and guidance, student involvement/participation, student cooperation and problem-solving skills; 4) product, which includes the improvement and mastery of competencies and certification of students after the implementation of prakerin. This study is an evaluation study with a quantitative descriptive approach. The evaluation model used is the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model evaluation developed by Stufflebeam. Respondents in this study consisted of a vice principal for public relations/head of the industrial work experience working group, 18 supervising teachers, 18 industrial supervisors from Minahasa Regency, Tomohon City, Manado City and 110 students participating in the industrial work experience in 2025. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, interviews and documentation and analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed that: (1) the context of implementing industrial work experience at SMK Negeri 1 Tombariri was appropriate, with an achievement percentage of 72.67% for student respondents, 48.06% for supervising teachers, and 46.17% for industrial work experience supervisors, however, in planning, compiling, and synchronizing competencies, it is necessary to involve industrial work experience elements, and the development of industrial work experience cooperation through an MoU has not been realized properly; (2) The input for the implementation of the internship has been appropriate, with an achievement percentage of 64.71% for student respondents, 47.89% for supervising teachers, and 45.39% for DU/DI mentors, but still requires participant readiness in terms of competency where the obstacles faced by students are more related to competency mastery and insufficient work readiness, therefore maximizing the time and material for provision is very necessary; (3) The process of implementing the internship has been appropriate, with an achievement percentage of 84.3% for student respondents, 74.39% for supervising teachers, and 72.22% for DU/DI mentors, but the less than optimal role and responsibility of the mentors causes communication regarding the development of student competencies to be less monitored; (4) The product of the implementation of the internship has been appropriate with an achievement percentage of 47.17% for student respondents, 31.17% for supervising teachers, and 28.72% for DU/DI mentors, this is shown by the changes that have occurred in students in terms of attitude, responsibility and increased competency.

Implementing Drinking Water Supply System Policy in Kotamobagu City, Indonesia: Technical Operations, Monitoring, and Service Performance

2026-05-10T12:10:22+07:00

The study responds to the continuing gap between the public mandate to provide safe, adequate, and sustainable drinking water and the actual condition of local SPAM services, where overall service coverage remains low, distribution performance is uneven, several systems require maintenance, and institutional arrangements have not yet enabled fully focused management. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the original article collected data through interviews, observation, and documentation involving the Head of Public Works and Spatial Planning Office, the Head of Human Settlements Division, technical sanitation staff, and community users of SPAM services. The findings show that SPAM policy has been implemented through technical operation, maintenance, monitoring, reporting, and service delivery activities; however, implementation has not yet reached optimal performance. Key problems include insufficient intake capacity, water leakage in aging distribution networks, limited maintenance funding, weak water quality surveillance due to budget constraints, unfilled UPTD institutional structure, limited certified human resources, manual complaint handling, and declining local revenue from the water service. The article argues that policy strengthening must move from fragmented operational activity toward integrated water governance that combines infrastructure renewal, institutional activation, digital monitoring, water quality assurance, responsive customer service, and sustainable financing. The study contributes to public administration literature by showing that local drinking water policy is not only a technical infrastructure problem, but also an implementation problem shaped by resources, bureaucratic structure, communication, service accountability, and community trust.

Effectiveness of the Village Financial Information System in Supporting Village Financial Governance in Werot Village, North Minahasa Regency, Indonesia

2026-05-10T12:11:04+07:00

The study addresses the growing demand for transparent, accountable, orderly, and digitally supported village financial governance. Using a qualitative descriptive design, the article collected data through interviews, observation, and documentation involving village officials, financial operators, planning actors, village assistants, and subdistrict officials. The findings indicate that Siskeudes has supported a more structured and standardized financial administration process, but it has not yet operated with full effectiveness. Delayed data entry, errors in administration, repeated report corrections, late submission, limited public transparency, and dependence on a few technical users continue to constrain the system. The main inhibiting factors include uneven human resource capacity, inadequate technological infrastructure, weak administrative discipline, limited internal coordination, insufficient contextual guidance and supervision, and difficulty adapting to regulatory changes. The article argues that Siskeudes should be understood as a socio-technical governance system rather than merely a software application. Its effectiveness depends on the alignment of people, procedures, technology, data, leadership, and accountability culture. The article proposes an integrated strengthening strategy consisting of continuous capacity building, infrastructure improvement, workflow discipline, collective coordination, contextual supervision, and citizen-friendly transparency. The study contributes to public administration literature by demonstrating that digital village financial governance requires not only regulatory compliance but also organizational learning and institutional readiness.

Social Services for Older Persons in Residential Care: A Journal-Style Analysis of Service Effectiveness at UPTD BPSLUT “Senja Cerah”, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

2026-05-10T12:11:47+07:00

The study examines the effectiveness of residential social services focused on the fulfillment of decent living needs for older persons and identifies supporting and inhibiting factors in service delivery. Using a qualitative descriptive design, the original research collected data through interviews, observation, and documentation involving managers, section heads, staff, health workers, and older residents as service recipients. The research interprets the findings through public administration, public service management, elderly social service, and social rehabilitation assistance frameworks. The findings show that services are present and meaningful, but their effectiveness remains partial. Procedures exist and are understood by staff, yet administrative flexibility, limited home visits, and incomplete operational resources weaken consistency. Staff display commitment and initiative, but the absence of dedicated caregivers creates role overload and leaves residents dependent on mutual help. Service time is generally organized through schedules, but health checks, recreation, and some rehabilitation activities remain irregular because of limited medicine, budget, and personnel. Facilities include dormitories, a hall, a clinic, a kitchen, and residential infrastructure, but they are not yet fully elderly-friendly, particularly in relation to handrails, accessible pathways, and bathrooms. Supporting factors include staff commitment, improvisation, partnerships with educational institutions, visits from community and religious groups, and external donations. Inhibiting factors include limited human resources, limited budget, and limited authority of the UPTD over rehabilitation spending. The research argues that elderly social care must be understood not merely as routine custodial service, but as a humanistic public service requiring clear standards, adequate caregivers, elderly-friendly infrastructure, and multi-actor collaboration. The study contributes to public administration scholarship by showing how service quality for vulnerable citizens depends on the intersection of procedure, frontline discretion, resources, and social care ethics.

Complaint Service Delivery through SAPA 129 at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit for Women and Child Protection in North Sulawesi Province

2026-05-10T17:36:23+07:00

The study focuses on the low use of the SAPA 129 digital complaint channel in comparison with direct reporting, even though violence against women and children remains a serious public issue, and digital complaint services are expected to provide safer, faster, and more accessible reporting mechanisms. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the original research gathered data through interviews, observation, and documentation involving provincial officials, UPTD PPA personnel, SAPA 129 operators, service users, and community representatives. This research reorganizes the research result into the structure of an academic journal research and strengthens the presentation of findings through adapted tables and research result-based figures. The findings show that the service has functioned relatively well in terms of officer responsiveness and service procedure. Officers are able to receive complaints, verify identity and chronology, conduct initial assessment, and direct follow-up according to the needs of victims. Nevertheless, the use of SAPA 129 remains very low because public knowledge of the service is limited, socialization is uneven and intermittent, some users still prefer face-to-face interaction, the number of operators is insufficient, and internet connectivity sometimes disrupts the digital service process. The study argues that SAPA 129 should not be treated merely as a technological channel, but as a human-centered protection service that requires a communication strategy, adequate staffing, reliable infrastructure, inter-agency coordination, privacy assurance, and a hybrid service model. Strengthening the service, therefore, requires simultaneous improvement in outreach, staff capacity, digital infrastructure, case-management coordination, and community trust

Digital Administrative Services through E-Office in the Regional Secretariat of North Sulawesi Province

2026-05-10T17:37:16+07:00

This research analyzes the implementation of digital administrative services through E-Office in the Regional Secretariat of North Sulawesi Province. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to examine service capability, service optimality, user satisfaction, and determinant factors influencing digital administrative performance. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that E-Office has improved the management of official documents, dispositions, incoming letters, and outgoing letters by making processes more orderly, faster, and more traceable. Nevertheless, the service has not yet reached optimal quality because of unstable internet connectivity, aging devices, uneven employee competence, dependence on specific operators, limited user access, delayed information updates, and inconsistent standard operating procedure implementation. Users generally feel assisted by the system, but satisfaction remains uneven because document status and completion time are not always clear. The determining factors include technological infrastructure, human resource quality, system advantages, and procedural consistency. Strengthening infrastructure, continuous training, system improvement, and procedure enforcement are required to create a more effective, efficient, transparent, and accountable digital administrative service